Consolidation & Flow
Water moving through soil, and soil deforming as it goes. These articles cover steady and transient seepage, one-dimensional and coupled consolidation, the time-integration choices that govern stability, and the boundary conditions that most often explain a result that looks wrong.
3 articles
Vertical drains: the smear zone doubles the time
Hansbo's factor goes from 2.196 to 4.393 when the smear zone is included, so 90% consolidation takes 8.0 months instead of 4.0. The same drains, the same clay.
Terzaghi consolidation: the series and its approximations
The two formulas every textbook gives for the degree of consolidation are approximations to one Fourier series. Here is the series, and where each one fails.
Effective stress: a worked profile, uplift and settlement
Total stress is arithmetic; pore pressure is a boundary condition you have to go and find. One profile, three questions, and the same subtraction behind each.
Terms defined
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